X-ray examinations for extremities are often taken in Hospital. There are 2 categories of extremities including the lower and upper parts.

The lower regions like foot, ankle, lower leg, knee, thigh area and the upper parts such as hand, wrist, lower arm, elbow and humerus. Both of them can be both sides (right and left).

We call it extremity because these organs can be used for rotating, moving or flexibility functions. Their role in the human body is really vital and important, so it’s vulnerable for fracture and dislocation, spur formations or calcification, arthrosis, osteoporosis and the other abnormalities. Trauma and aging factors are also the main reasons why they can get more trouble.

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We admitted that chest x-ray is the often radiological test. Besides that, abdominal x-ray is also important to be known especially for new visitors and new x-ray patients.

The purpose of knowing SOP of abdominal x-ray as follows:

- It’s important to minimize radiation exposure and x-ray repetition by X-Ray Technician.

- To avoid miscommunication between patient and Radiographer.

- You should understand what X-ray Tech has to do.

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Pain on the right upper abdomen is commonly caused by your gallbladder problem but it’s not always causes because liver disease, pancreas, right diaphragm, right lower chest area and intestinal tract matter are also the other root problems.

Some patients are advised to remove all materials in the gastrointestinal tract or fasting about 6 hours before examination to get the maximum and optimum result. This is the preparation purpose of x-ray and also for ultrasound. Superposition with those materials would disturb the quality of result images by both kinds of diagnostic tools that I mentioned above.

In this moment, I would like to explain about Radiologic examination techniques how to check your gallbladder appropriately. These tests are also can see the biliary tract that it’s also important to be confirmed including Cholecystitis.

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What is a bone age? Bone age is degree of growth and maturation of children’s bone. Some Specialist like Pediatrician will face some problem of their patient if they are still child.

If you are a mother or parent that have a normal growth child is OK, but if they grow abnormal will ask for help for this matter.

The skeleton system will grow normally since baby up to adult. The steps from childhood, puberty up to adult need about 20 age of process. Chiropractic or Orthopedist can predict their growth from their bone. It’s still normal or not.

X-ray examination is one of the best tests to predict or analyze for the bone age. Specialist needs the left hand x-ray to analyze their bone’s maturity. Radiologist or Pediatric Endocrinologist will give interpretation about that photo.

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I write this post with Title: “What is Abdominal X-ray For? Because many of my patients who come to my Hospital have questions like that.

In this moment, I would like to explain more detail about what all I knew, why many Doctors or Specialists sending their patient to do Abdominal x-ray.

Abdominal x-ray is also known as Plain Abdominal Radiograph because it’s done without preparation or fasting like BNO-IVP, Colon-Inloop, HSG or another diagnostic examinations.

The reasons of making Abdominal x-ray are below:

1. The simplest way to detect any abnormality without preparation if patient feels colic or emergency case in the abdominal area.

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Many patients who visited to my Hospital or Clinic asked me about what the functions of bone x-ray. Generally, they only know that bone x-ray is to see bony fractures or kind of broken.

Yes, they are not false. One of the function of bone xray is to see broken bone. In this momment, I would like to explain more detail about the objectives of bone xray. Xray is the main weapon for the Doctor to diagnose everything inside the patient’s body.

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If you are women and still young, healthy, do not have any breast complaints, I’m sure you never think about Mammogram or Mammography.

I can understand about it, but Mammogram is a breast screening that has many benefits and good step for preventing any disease related to your breast health.

Although this test is useful but should be done carefully because it uses x-ray radiation and some women will feel pain and uncomfortable during examination because of breast pressing by the plate of the mammogram equipment.

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I’m sure that most of you rarely hear about what BNO-IVP is. This examination is done if you have symptom of disease related with your urinary tract.

BNO-IVP (Blass Nier Oversich - Intra Venous Pyelogram) is one of the x-ray test which provide you more detailed information about structure and function on both kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder.

What is the preparation of BNO-IVP?

1. You must get the prescription first from your requested Doctor to buy English Salt to clean-up your colon from gas and feces.

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Hi mother.. in this moment, I will try to explain about the reasons why your Doctor send you to do Sinus x-ray at Radiology department.

Some of your symptoms are like dizzy, prolong flu, migraine, pain on the face, getting trauma, headache, nose blockage, liquid running nose, a lot of mucus, nose bleeding, foreign body, etc.

Based on the its requisition, X-Ray Technician will make 3 positions as Basic Standard Views. Water’s, PA (Postero-Anterior) and Lateral positions. With these positions, we can see from them such as facial bones, 4 sinuses (maxillary, sphenoid, frontalis and ethmoidalis), nasal septum, orbita, zigomaticum, mandible, teeth and so on.

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Many of my patients asked me about the normal chest x-ray criteria if they take an x-ray. I want to share about this to all mothers in the world, so if they have relative, children or her husband have x-ray photo of the lung know about the abnormality indications.

You can see the part names of the Chest first and show you the normal limit signs. The normal criteria, you can stick from Chest x-ray examination. In this moment I just explain the general descriptions as follows :

1. Lung

Lung contains of 2 lobes, right and left regions. They are usually a black sign in normal condition. “Why is it a black sign?” -> Yes, because they have a lot of air inside. If your lung apex has a white sign, it indicates like bronchovascular markings are coarse or increased that is a sign of Tuberculosis or Specific Process. It can be old process of active pulmonary disease depending on the texture.

There is a white sign on the bronchilar or hilar regions, it’s called Bronchitis. Bronchopneumonia can be seen if the coarse on the lower area of the chest. Chest mass is also can be noticed if the white sign is compact, sharp border, round shape with specific contour.

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